Literature Review: Characteristics That Influence the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women
Keywords:
Pregnancy, preeclampsi, characteristicAbstract
Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure (hypertension) and is often accompanied by protein in the urine (proteinuria) after 20 weeks of gestation. This condition can affect various organs, including the kidneys, liver, brain, and placenta. Preeclampsia is part of the spectrum of hypertension in pregnancy that also includes gestational hypertension and eclampsia. Preeclampsia, if not treated quickly and appropriately, will become eclampsia. Preeclampsia in Indonesia is still one of the leading causes of maternal death. Based on data from the Indonesian Health Profile in 2024, maternal deaths caused by hypertension in pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum are the second leading cause after non-obstetric complications, which account for 23.8% of maternal deaths. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the relationship between characteristics that affect the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. This literature review uses search results from ProQuest/PubMed and Google Scholar for the last 10 years, both using nationally and internationally reputable databases. The search uses the keywords preeclampsia, pregnancy, and characteristics. The conclusion of the literature review search for journal articles was obtained from 12 journals with the results of several characteristics related to the incidence of preeclampsia, namely the age of pregnant women, parity, pregnancy distance, gestational age, abortion history, history of preeclampsia, hypertension, Body Mass Index (BMI), education level, and type of work.
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References
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