Literature Review: An Overview of Mothers’ Behavior Regarding The Prevention of ARI (Acute Respiratory Infections) in Toddlers
Keywords:
acute respiratory infection, toddlers, maternal behavior, knowledge, attitudes, practicesAbstract
Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the major health problems in children under five years and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in many countries, including Indonesia. This condition may lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, impaired growth and development, and even death if not properly prevented and managed. One of the key factors in preventing ARI is maternal behavior, which includes knowledge, attitudes, and practices in caring for and protecting children from infection risks. This study aims to analyze maternal behavior regarding ARI prevention in under-five children based on a literature review. The method used was a literature review of five scientific articles published between 2021 and 2024. The articles were selected based on inclusion criteria, namely quantitative studies with cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, and descriptive designs that examined the relationship or effect of maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices on ARI prevention in under-five children. Data analysis was conducted descriptively by synthesizing research findings, including significance values and main results from each study. The results showed that all studies identified relationships and effects between maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices and ARI prevention in children under five. Astiarani et al. (2023) reported a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior (p < 0.05). Sari et al. (2021) found that parental knowledge and behavior were significantly associated with ARI incidence (p = 0.007 and p = 0.038). Manh et al. (2023) showed that education level, occupation, and income were associated with maternal KAP levels (p < 0.05). Salma et al. (2024) demonstrated that health education significantly improved maternal knowledge regarding ARI prevention (p = 0.000). Abdelatty et al. (2022) found that although mothers had relatively good knowledge, preventive practices were still not optimal. The conclusion of this study indicates that maternal behavior, including knowledge, attitudes, and practices, plays an important role in preventing ARI in under-five children. Therefore, ARI prevention efforts should focus on improving health education, strengthening maternal behavior, and implementing community-based interventions to reduce ARI incidence in children.
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References
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