Criminal Policy on Digital Crime in Building Smart and Sustainable Communities in the Age of Disruption
Keywords:
Criminal Policy; Digital Crime; Smart Governance.Abstract
The rapid growth of digital technology has fostered data-driven smart communities while simultaneously intensifying complex and transnational digital crime. This article examines the ideal direction of criminal policy in addressing digital crime to support smart, sustainable, and just communities. Using a normative juridical method with a criminal policy approach, it analyzes legal frameworks, doctrines, and policy instruments. The study finds that conventional punitive policies are inadequate to address the evolving nature of digital crime. An adaptive, rights-based criminal policy is required, balancing effective enforcement with the protection of privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression. Such policy should integrate legal reform, institutional strengthening, preventive measures, and participatory governance. From a sustainable development perspective, adaptive criminal policy supports SDG 16, SDG 11, and SDG 9 by positioning criminal law as a strategic instrument in smart community governance.
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