Studi Literatur: Pengaruh Konsumsi Susu Formula Terhadap Karies Gigi
Abstract
Dental caries is a major health issue among preschool children, often influenced by the consumption of formula
milk. Formula milk, which contains carbohydrates such as sucrose and lactose, has the potential to increase the risk of dental caries, particularly when not accompanied by proper dental care habits. This study aims to analyze the relationship between formula milk consumption and dental caries in preschool children through a literature review approach using the PICOS framework. The reviewed journals were obtained from the ProQuest database with criteria limited to publications within the last five years. The analysis revealed that formula milk consumption is closely related to the prevalence of dental caries. Factors such as parenting styles, parental behavior, and environmental influences were also found to affect formula milk consumption habits and the severity of dental caries. Therefore, parents play a critical role in providing formula milk wisely, along with proper dental care education, to prevent dental caries in children.
Abstrak
Karies gigi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama pada anak usia prasekolah yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh konsumsi susu formula. Susu formula, yang mengandung karbohidrat seperti sukrosa dan laktosa, memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan risiko karies gigi, terutama jika tidak diiringi dengan kebiasaan perawatan gigi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara konsumsi susu formula dan karies gigi pada anak usia prasekolah melalui pendekatan literature review dengan menggunakan framework PICOS. Jurnal yang ditinjau diperoleh dari basis data ProQuest dengan kriteria publikasi dalam lima tahun terakhir. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa pemberian susu formula berhubungan erat dengan prevalensi karies gigi. Faktor- faktor seperti pola asuh, perilaku orang tua, dan lingkungan juga ditemukan memengaruhi kebiasaan konsumsi susu formula dan tingkat keparahan karies gigi. Oleh karena itu, peran orang tua dalam memberikan susu formula secara bijak, disertai edukasi tentang perawatan gigi yang benar, sangat penting untuk mencegah karies gigi pada anak.
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