Studi Kasus Penerapan Teknik Counter Pressure dalam Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan di UPTD Puskesmas Sekatak

Abstract

Labor pain is a physiological condition caused by uterine contractions, cervical dilatation, and the descent of the fetal presenting part during labor. Inadequately managed labor pain may cause anxiety, tension, fatigue, and can affect the progress of labor. One non-pharmacological method that can be used to reduce labor pain is the counter pressure technique, which involves applying firm pressure to the sacral or lower back area during uterine contractions. This technique is based on the gate control theory, which helps inhibit pain impulse transmission, thereby increasing maternal comfort and relaxation during labor. This case study aimed to provide Continuity of Care midwifery care for Mrs. I at 39 weeks and 4 days of gestation with labor pain during the first stage of labor through the application of the counter pressure technique. The method used was a descriptive case study conducted on one subject, Mrs. I G4P3A0 with labor pain. The study was conducted on February 26, 2026, in the working area of UPTD Puskesmas Sekatak using a midwifery management approach with SOAP documentation. The results showed that during the active phase of the first stage of labor, Mrs. I experienced increasing labor pain along with cervical dilatation progression. After the application of the counter pressure technique to the lower back area during contractions, the mother appeared more relaxed, comfortable, and better able to cope with labor pain. The labor process progressed normally without complications. During the second stage of labor, the baby was born spontaneously, cried immediately, had good muscle tone, and Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) was successfully performed. The third stage of labor progressed normally with complete placental delivery, while during the fourth stage, the mother’s condition remained stable without postpartum hemorrhage. In conclusion, the application of the counter pressure technique was effective in reducing labor pain and improving maternal comfort during labor.

Abstrak

Nyeri persalinan merupakan kondisi fisiologis yang terjadi akibat kontraksi uterus, dilatasi serviks, dan penurunan bagian terendah janin selama proses persalinan. Nyeri yang tidak ditangani dengan baik dapat menyebabkan kecemasan, ketegangan, kelelahan, serta memengaruhi kemajuan persalinan. Salah satu metode nonfarmakologis yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu mengurangi nyeri persalinan adalah teknik counter pressure, yaitu pemberian tekanan pada daerah sakrum atau punggung bawah selama kontraksi berlangsung. Teknik ini bekerja berdasarkan teori gate control yang membantu menghambat transmisi impuls nyeri sehingga ibu merasa lebih nyaman dan rileks selama persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini mampu memberikan asuhan kebidanan pada Ny. I umur kehamilan 39  minggu 4 hari dengan nyeri pada persalinan kala 1. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi kasus deskriptif (case study) pada satu subjek Ny. I G4P3A0 dengan nyeri persalinan. Studi ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 26 Februari 2026 di wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Sekatak. Hasil asuhan menunjukkan bahwa pada kala I fase aktif Ny. I mengalami nyeri persalinan yang semakin meningkat seiring bertambahnya pembukaan serviks. Setelah diberikan teknik counter pressure pada daerah punggung bawah selama kontraksi, ibu tampak lebih rileks, nyaman, dan mampu beradaptasi dengan nyeri persalinan. Persalinan berlangsung normal tanpa komplikasi. Pada kala II bayi lahir spontan, menangis kuat, tonus otot baik, dan dilakukan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD). Kala III berlangsung normal dengan plasenta lahir lengkap, sedangkan kala IV kondisi ibu stabil tanpa perdarahan postpartum.